President’s Message: Our Comprehensive Take on the New State Budge
Chris Berleth Columbia Montour Chamber of Commerce CEO/President
By now, you’ve heard: Pennsylvania has a new state budget.
On July 12, the General Assembly completed work on the Commonwealth’s $50.8 billion spending plan for the 2026–27 fiscal year. While the budget was adopted after the July 1 start of the fiscal year, we are pleased that legislative leaders and the Governor reached an agreement and avoided a prolonged impasse.
The budget process is rarely straightforward. Competing political priorities, last-minute amendments, and pressure from organized interests can quickly reshape legislation—sometimes in ways that create serious unintended consequences for employers, nonprofits, and communities. The final agreement reflects the negotiation required to complete the budget, but it also demonstrates why close attention and rapid advocacy are often necessary until the final votes are cast.
The PA Chamber of Business and Industry led much of the statewide effort, while the Columbia Montour Chamber was actively engaged on issues with direct local consequences. Our legislators took seriously the concerns we brought before them.
Our most urgent concern involved proposed changes to Pennsylvania’s Educational Improvement Tax Credit program.
Legislation passed by the House would have ended the existing EITC and Opportunity Scholarship Tax Credit programs and replaced them with a substantially different structure. The proposal would have reduced the value of the tax benefit, restricted which students could benefit from scholarships, and imposed new limitations on how EITC funds could be used.
The Chamber mobilized quickly because the effects would have extended far beyond the political debate over school choice.
Educational Improvement Organizations use EITC contributions to support career exploration, workforce development, financial literacy, educational equipment, student experiences, and other programs delivered in partnership with local school districts.
Over the past decade, the Foundation of the Columbia Montour Chamber has translated more than $1 million in tax credits into programs, scholarships, equipment, and educational opportunities for local public-school students. Other nonprofits throughout our region also rely on EITC to provide services that schools and families value, which are innovative and supplement the curriculum at local public schools.
The proposed changes could have interrupted funding and placed significant new burdens on organizations already operating with limited staff and resources. We worked to ensure that lawmakers understood those local consequences, and they responded to our concerns.
Senator Lynda Schlegel Culver, chair of the Senate Education Committee, also told our Government Affairs Committee that she understood the strain the proposed legislation would have placed on community organizations.
We are grateful that the changes were excluded from the final budget and the existing EITC structure was preserved. We support reasonable transparency and accountability, but reforms should strengthen successful partnerships—not unintentionally dismantle them.
The Chamber was also engaged on childcare.
Employers across Columbia and Montour counties continue to identify the lack of accessible, affordable childcare as a direct workforce barrier. That is why the Columbia Montour Chamber joined a coalition of 81 local Chambers advocating for additional state investment in childcare.
The final budget includes a $5 million increase for the Child Care Worker Retention and Recruitment Program, which supports bonuses intended to help providers attract and retain employees.
Additional funding is welcome, but money alone will not solve the problem. We have also been working with Representatives Leadbeter and Stender and getting critical feedback from childcare directors about common sense reforms that would address regulatory burdens and duplicative requirements that increase costs for providers. We are watching a package of 14 House bills, expected to address some of those issues.
For employers, the budget also produced several encouraging tax-policy outcomes.
Pennsylvania’s previously enacted Corporate Net Income Tax reductions remain on schedule. The rate is expected to decline to 6.99 percent in January and continue phasing down toward 4.99 percent. Maintaining that commitment improves Pennsylvania’s competitiveness and sends an important signal to businesses deciding where to invest, expand, and create jobs.
We are equally pleased that mandatory combined reporting and a new tax on digital advertising were not included in the final agreement.
In the days leading up to budget passage, the PA Chamber and its local partners had to mobilize quickly as these provisions were added to legislation moving through the House. The proposed digital advertising tax alone was estimated to impose approximately $500 million in additional costs, with small businesses likely absorbing much of that burden through higher advertising prices.
For many local businesses, digital advertising is one of the most affordable ways to reach customers. Excluding both proposals avoided new costs and uncertainty for Pennsylvania employers.
The budget also includes investments in education, workforce development, and infrastructure.
Funding for career and technical education increased by approximately $10 million following a year without additional funding. Resources were also directed toward employer-led training through WEDnetPA, veteran employment initiatives, and scholarships designed to encourage graduates to live and work in Pennsylvania.
These investments reflect a principle that guides much of the Chamber’s work: workforce development does not begin when an employer posts a job opening.
The budget also authorizes the release of $500 million from the Motor License Fund during the current fiscal year and another $275 million the following year to accelerate shovel-ready road and bridge projects.
No broader solution for public transit funding was included, so transportation will remain part of the Chamber’s advocacy agenda. Locally, services such as StopHopper demonstrate how reliable transportation can connect residents with employment, healthcare, education, and essential services.
Significant fiscal questions also remain.
Pennsylvania continues to face an estimated structural deficit of approximately $4.5 billion. The current budget relies partly on delayed Medicaid payments, transfers from other state funds, and other one-time financial measures.
While those decisions allowed lawmakers to reach an agreement without increasing broad-based taxes or drawing from the Commonwealth’s nearly $8 billion Rainy Day Fund, the choice to delay Medicaid payments for an historic two months into the next budget means that we’ll be dealing with the consequences of this year’s bills long after the next fiscal year is over. If there’s any encouragement, it is that state revenues exceeded projections by approximately $1 billion during the previous fiscal year, reinforcing the value of policies that promote economic growth.
Summary
This budget includes several outcomes the Columbia Montour Chamber actively supported: preservation of EITC, additional childcare investment, the continued phase-down of the Corporate Net Income Tax, and the exclusion of combined reporting and the digital advertising tax. Those outcomes reflect coordinated advocacy among local Chambers, statewide partners, employers, nonprofits, educators, and public officials.
The Columbia Montour Chamber will continue to be part of that work—not simply reporting what happens in Harrisburg, but representing the interests of employers and communities in Columbia and Montour counties before the final decisions are made.
The Foundations in Industry Training (FIT) Program
Source: Dan Dorgan- McKonly & AsburyIn May, Governor Shapiro announced approximately $2.85 million in grants through Pennsylvania’s Foundations in Industry Training Program. The Foundations in Industry Training (FIT) Program is a statewide initiative administered by Pennsylvania’s Department of Community and Economic Development to help employers and other apprenticeship sponsors expand access to registered apprenticeship programs. FIT funding is intended to offset the educational and technical instruction costs associated with apprenticeships. Eligible sponsors are able to receive up to $3,000 per apprentice per year for as many as three years.
The Skilled Labor Gap
As mentioned in previous articles, the country is experiencing a challenge recruiting, training, and retaining skilled employees. This issue is not industry specific, and its impact is being felt both nationally and regionally here in Pennsylvania. The National Manufacturer’s Association (NAM) reported that the United States could face a shortfall of 1.9 million manufacturing workers by 2033.
The skilled labor gap has caused employers to look internally to train and educate their current employee base to fill the growing skills gap in the labor market. In a recent survey from NAM, approximately $32 billion is being spent on annually on training programs. An increase of nearly $5 billion compared to 2019.
The construction industry has taken a closer look at this issue as well. According to the 2025 workforce survey published by the Associated General Contractors of America and the National Center for Construction Education Research, 92% of construction firms that are hiring report difficulty finding qualified workers, while 45% say labor shortages are causing project delays. The survey also found that 57% of firms report that available candidates lack the necessary skills, credentials, or licenses for the work.
Apprenticeship Costs and Returns
This skills gap is what makes the investment in the FIT program so important. Apprenticeship offers these businesses an avenue to recruit, train, and retain the necessary talent to meet their operational goals. The challenge with an apprenticeship approach is the cost associated with the program. In The Return on Investment (ROI) to Employers from Registered Apprenticeships, a 2024 U.S. Department of Labor review found that the most employer return on investment in a Registered Apprenticeship generally range from $1.40 to $1.90 returned for every $1.00 invested.
This return is significant, given the growing costs of starting or maintaining an apprenticeship program. Registered Apprenticeship programs come with a wide array of expenses, including wages, mentorship time, lost productivity, training materials, technical instruction costs, as well as other significant administrative costs to the program. The FIT program is well positioned to help not only alleviate these costs but allow employers to observe better return on investment.
An Important Investment
FIT funding is positioned to help alleviate the costs incurred by employers in an effort to address the skilled labor gap observed here in the state. In practice, these funds can assist employers by adding apprentices, sustain related technical instruction costs, or continue a program that otherwise would be scaled back because of cost.
Please reach out to a member of the Manufacturing & Distribution team for more information on the topic outlined above. For more information regarding their Manufacturing & Distribution experience, visit Manufacturing & Distribution industry page.
The Hidden Cost of Caregiver Stress
Source: My Benefit Advisor
Many employees are balancing their careers with the responsibility of caring for aging parents, spouses, children with special needs, or other family members. While these responsibilities occur outside the workplace, their impact is often felt throughout the organization.
Caregivers frequently face competing demands on their time, unexpected emergencies, and ongoing emotional stress. As a result, employers may experience increased absenteeism, reduced productivity, higher healthcare utilization, and greater turnover risk.
Because caregiving challenges are often personal and rarely discussed openly, many organizations underestimate how many employees are affected. Yet as the population ages, caregiver responsibilities are becoming increasingly common across all workforce demographics.
Forward-thinking employers are beginning to view caregiver support as a workforce strategy rather than simply an employee benefit. Flexible work arrangements, employee assistance programs, mental health resources, and caregiver support services can help employees better manage their responsibilities while remaining engaged and productive.
Organizations that recognize and address caregiver stress may be better positioned to improve retention, support employee well-being, and strengthen overall workforce performance. The hidden cost of caregiver stress extends beyond the individual. For employers, it represents a growing workforce challenge that deserves greater awareness and a proactive response.
The hidden cost of caregiver stress extends beyond the individual. For employers, it represents a growing workforce challenge that deserves greater awareness and a proactive response.
The Columbia-Montour Chamber of Commerce offers its members access to My Benefit Advisor as a solution for employee benefits, including voluntary offerings. For more information about My Benefit Advisor, visit their website at cmcc.mybenefitadvisor.com or contact Rob Higginbotham at (800) 377-3539.
Free Digital Marketing Tools Every Small Business Can Use
These free digital marketing tools boost your visibility at no cost to your bottom line.
Looking to spread the word about your business without spending a cent? No matter what type of business you operate, these free digital marketing tools can help boost your visibility and bring in new business. Restaurants, retailers, and service professionals alike can all benefit from these free digital marketing tools.
Social media
Old-fashioned, organic social media posts are free, easy, and a staple in every digital marketer’s tool kit. Although there are dozens of strategies, formats, and tools for managing paid advertising on social media, every company should prioritize posting regularly on its business profiles. A simple news feed update once or twice a week shows your company is open for business and engaging with followers. Social media boosts your company’s SEO results as well as helps you connect with potential customers—and best of all, it’s completely free.
Nextdoor
Nextdoor is a hyperlocal social media platform that connects people who live in the same immediate geography. Users on the app are neighbors, businesses, nonprofits, public agencies, and brands that join the platform to ask for recommendations, share safety alerts, and advertise their products or services.
Nextdoor claims that 25% of conversations on its platform involve neighbors asking for recommendations for local businesses. When you sign up for a business page on Nextdoor, you can share general business information such as your address, website, and open hours. Local customers can also leave recommendations and message you directly. Creating a business page is free; there’s also the option to pay for advertising on Nextdoor.
Google Business Profile
A Google Business Profile is your most important free local marketing tool. Claim your profile to help people who search for your business on Google Search and Maps convert to customers. Add photos, open hours, posts, and more to your profile to highlight what makes your business unique. Here, you can also respond to Google Reviews and proactively manage customer feedback. Restaurants are also able to use their business profile to accept online orders for delivery or pickup.
Google reviews
Reviews on your Google Business Profile can be a gold mine for your digital marketing efforts. Ask satisfied customers to leave a review on Google after a positive interaction. You can do this in person, through email receipts, or with a business card with a QR code linking directly to your Google Business Profile. Then, showcase your positive feedback on your website and social media.
Build credibility by responding to all Google reviews, positive or negative. “Honest and balanced reviews can help potential customers decide. A mix of positive and negative feedback often feels more trustworthy. As best practice, reply to reviews and share your perspective,” wrote Google.
ChatGPT
ChatGPT and other generative AI for small busi
ness marketing can meet a range of different marketing needs. This AI-powered chat tool can suggest social media copy, help brainstorm marketing campaign ideas, generate product descriptions, and help you research industry trends. Best of all, ChatGPT is completely free to use.
Be aware of the limitations of AI. Studies show that AI can often be inaccurate and even biased. Review any marketing claims your AI tool generates to make sure you aren’t overpromising to your customers or making false claims.
MailChimp
It may surprise you that this incredibly popular email marketing platform has a free option. MailChimp is free for up to 250 contacts and 500 monthly email sends. If you contact a small but mighty email list, MailChimp has tons of features to help you engage regularly and build relationships with your customers.
Help A Reporter Out
Help A Reporter Out (HARO) is a good resource for getting free media coverage for your company. Journalists post requests for sources on particular topics related to stories they are working on. You can sign up for a “source” account and respond to journalist requests for a chance to be featured in a local news story. These opportunities help position small business owners as subject matter experts and can get media attention for your company.
Google Search Console
Google Search Console is where you can start to optimize your site for
SEO. Search Console helps you measure your site’s search traffic and performance. It takes a little time to get set up, and a bit of a learning curve to understand how your site is performing. But, along with Google Analytics, this is a good source of insight into your web traffic.
Google Analytics
Google Analytics is complementary to Google Search Console. If Google Search Console tells you how your website performs in search results—where it ranks, how many people click your website, and what search terms they use—Google Analytics provides data about visitors on your website.
Analytics reveals what someone does on your page, such as what pages they visit, how long they stay, and what actions they take. With Analytics, you can measure the effectiveness of your traffic channels to see whether your marketing efforts are working.
“Comparing Search Console performance data with Google Analytics organic traffic can be particularly helpful when attributing conversions (such as ecommerce transactions, newsletter signups, lead generation form fill) to Google Search traffic,” wrote Google.
How to build a simple digital marketing stack on zero budget
In 2025, Scott Brinker, known as the “godfather of martech,” created a map of all the martech (marketing technology) products in markets around the world. The map includes more than 15,000 products. There are an overwhelming number of digital marketing products on the market, and finding the right combination takes a fair amount of prep work.
Before exploring the free digital marketing tools available, start by taking stock of your existing operations and your marketing goals. “Knowing how customers interact with your company—the channels through which they come to you, how they move through the purchase cycle and how they become repeat customers—can help you zero in on the appropriate marketing channels and technology to support customer engagement and reach business goals,” wrote Northwestern Medill.
Once you have this path laid out clearly, identify areas where there may be friction. What marketing touchpoints are failing to convert leads? Where is data siloed? What causes frustration for marketing team members? These questions can help you figure out what marketing solutions you need.
The experts at Northwestern Medill then recommend breaking your digital marketing stack into four outcomes:
- Tools that unify customer data in one view;
- Tools that optimize campaign performance;
- Tools that automate workflows and manual tasks; and
- Tools for managing marketing projects internally.
For instance, if you realize you don’t have the right data analytics to understand how your website performs, start your tech stack with Google Search Console and Analytics. If you need to improve your email conversion rates, try a tool like MailChimp.
How to measure what's actually working across your free tools
Once you’ve defined your marketing goals, you can start to measure against concrete KPIs to see what’s working. Most of these free tools include some native analytics that give you deeper marketing insight.
Free tools are only worth it if they are truly free—that is, they’re not draining your team of time and energy. Some free tools billed as “user-friendly” aren’t as simple as advertised. It’s worth keeping tabs on how these free tools perform so you can assess when it’s time to upgrade. Track additional KPIs like time saved and value generated.
- Time saved: Track the hours previously spent on a task and multiply those hours by your hourly rate.
- Value generated: Assign a monetary value to the outcome your tool generates. For instance, a sales lead could be worth $500. If your free tool costs $0 and generates $1000, then it’s a strong ROI.
Together, these metrics can help you improve your digital marketing tech.
CO— aims to bring you inspiration from leading respected experts. However, before making any business decision, you should consult a professional who can advise you based on your individual situation.
###
The Columbia Montour Chamber of Commerce is a proud member of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and an active part of the U.S. Chamber Federation of small and regional chambers, which routinely provides content like the article above. The content above does not constitute legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice but is for general informational purposes. For accurate, complete advice, readers are encouraged to consult with qualified legal, accounting, or other professional advisors before making any decisions based on the information provided. If you need help finding qualified help, please contact the Chamber for a list of our members.
Member News ~ July 9, 2026
Events & Dates:
Sidewalk Sales in Downtown Danville - July 10 & 11
Get ready to shop local and save big during the annual Downtown Danville & Beyond Sidewalk Sales, taking place Friday, July 10, and Saturday, July 11, 2026. Participating businesses throughout Danville will offer special promotions, sales, and sidewalk displays, inviting residents and visitors alike to enjoy a weekend of shopping and community spirit. Check Out the Flyer Here!
Children's Icons Elephant & Piggie Bring Literacy and Summer Fun to the BTE Stage - Jul 16 through Aug 2
Looking for something fun for the whole family this summer? Enjoy engaging, community-centered entertainment like Elephant & Piggie’s “We Are In A Play!” at Bloomsburg Theatre Ensemble, featuring beloved storybook characters, local talent, and plenty of laughs for all ages. Don’t miss the special sensory-friendly performance designed to make theater accessible and welcoming for everyone. Learn More
Bloomsburg Area YMCA hosts 4th Annual Run Forest Run - July 18
The Bloomsburg Area YMCA is hosting its 4th Annual Run Forest Run on Saturday, July 18th, along the Roaring Creek Tract of Weiser State Forest. Participants can choose from a 5K, 10K, or, new this year, a Half-Marathon, making the event a great fit for runners of all experience levels. The course follows an out-and-back route on mostly flat gravel and dirt roads. Proceeds support YMCA programs and projects that help make our facility more accessible to everyone in our community. Join us for a great morning on the course while supporting your local YMCA!"
Third Annual Veterans Benefit Voyage Train Rides Move to Berwick for WWII Weekend - July 18
The North Shore Railroad Company & Affiliates (“NSHR”) will be running their third annual Veterans Benefit Voyage. This year’s fundraiser train rides will be boarding at Berwick’s World War II Weekend out of Test Track Park located at S. Eaton St., Berwick, PA. Rides will depart at 10am and 1pm. These hour-long train rides (10am & 1pm) will travel south towards Bloomsburg (for 30 minutes) and return. The locomotives featured for these trips will be LVRR 9052 (Veterans Unit) and LVRR 9050 (Memorial Unit). Learn More at: www.northshorewarehouse.com/usa
McKonly & Asbury Free WEBINAR - July 30
This free, one-hour webinar will take place on Thursday, July 30 at 2:00 p.m. EDT. One “Specialized Knowledge” CPE credit is available for this webinar. The level for this webinar is intermediate, and working knowledge of the LIHTC program is required. This program is a live webinar which offers the opportunity to ask questions and interact with the presenters. Registration Link: WEBINAR: Year 15 for LIHTC Partnerships | Mid Atlantic CPA
Community Giving Foundation Announces New $300,000 Grant - Due July 31
Community Giving Foundation, in collaboration with Amazon and the Luzerne Foundation, proudly announces the launch of the Amazon Northeastern Pennsylvania Community Fund, a bold $300,000 aimed at empowering nonprofits serving Columbia and Luzerne Counties. The application process will open July 1, 2026, with a deadline of July 31, 2026. Learn More at Foundation Grants - Community Giving Foundation
Service 1st’s Annual Charity Duck Derby - August 1
The Service 1st Federal Credit Union rubber duckies are getting ready for their Annual Charity Duck Derby scheduled for Saturday, August 1, 2026, at 12:00 noon on the Danville/Riverside Bridge in Danville. Don’t miss your chance to sponsor a duckie, or a flock of rubber duckies, in the big race! Tickets are on sale now through July 31, 2026
Bloomsburg Rotary Hosting 37th Annual Golf Tournament - August 12
Announcements:
InnoTek Computer Consulting Breaks into Top 200 of Channel Futures MSP 501
InnoTek Computer Consulting, a leading provider of managed IT services, cybersecurity, and computer consulting for small and mid-sized businesses, announced it has been ranked #124 on the 2026 Channel Futures MSP 501 — the most prestigious and comprehensive ranking of managed service providers in the world. The 2026 ranking marks a landmark achievement for InnoTek on multiple fronts: a 253-spot improvement from the company's 2025 position, and a decisive break of its previous best ranking of #207, set in 2022. Great Job Innotek!
Susquehanna Valley United Way Celebrates Successful Campaign
The Susquehanna Valley United Way announced that their 2025-2026 Campaign has raised over $560,000 to support regional programs. The funds raised will directly benefit individuals in Columbia, Montour, Northumberland, Snyder and Union counties. $250,000 will be distributed in direct allocations to local partners, supporting critical services in early and STEAM education, after-school programming, food security, mental health, housing and more across the five-county region. SVUW thanks all their campaign contributors.
PPL Electric Utilities has restored power to more than 245,000 customers after severe storms over the Fourth of July weekend
IMC Announces New Members to its Board of Directors
The Innovative Manufacturers’ Center (IMC), Inc. announces the appointment of Ken Healy, Executive Vice President and Director of Engineering at PMF Industries, Inc. and the appointment of Tammy Bubb, Corporate Controller at Remmy- The Pallet Company, to its Board of Directors.
Weis Center Announces 2026-27 Season
The Weis Center for the Performing Arts announced their 2026-27 season including 26 professional performances. Check out the full lineup of performances and visit the season brochure here.
LCCC Awarded $1 Million Dual Credit Innovation Grant
LCCC was awarded a $1 million Dual Credit Innovation Grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Education. The grant will expand access to college-level coursework for rural and underserved high school students through a regional partnership serving Northeastern and Central Pennsylvania. Learn More
Did You Miss Last Week's Member News? Here's News That's Still Timely:
Wellness Wednesdays continue in downtown Danville - July 15
Free programs designed to promote health, relaxation, and movement for community members of all ages and abilities. Hosted in Canal Park, Wellness Wednesdays are generously sponsored by Geisinger and funded through a grant partnership with the Community Giving Foundation. July 15 | 6:00 PM - Simple Strength Training with Resurrection Movement Studio.
Benton’s 41st Annual Frontier Days Rodeo - July 14 through 19
The Benton Rodeo is proud to be recognized as one of the very best among more than 65 rodeos east of the Mississippi River. Tickets are available online. Grounds open at 4pm, Vendors and food stands open between 4:30 and 5pm. Thursday, Friday, and Saturday 7:30pm Championship Rodeo | Sunday Bull-A-Rama 7:30 pm
Berwick World War II Weekend Reenactment - July 17 through 19
The 2026 Berwick World War II Weekend Reenactment will take place at Riverfront Park (aka "The Test Track") at the end of South Eaton Street in Berwick, PA Friday July 17th through Sunday July 19th. Click here for more information
Rabbittransit introducing rabbitPAY - July 21
Rabbittransit is excited to announce a major upgrade, the launch of rabbitPAY, going live July 21, 2026. rabbitPAY introduces a smart card and mobile based payment system, making boarding faster, more convenient and more flexible than ever before. Riders can simply tap and go when boarding the bus. rabbitPAY will offer multiple smart card reloading options thru the app, online, at a machine or in person. In preparation for the launch, rabbittransit will offer community events to help riders sign up and answer questions. For more information visit www.rabbittransit.org.
KMA Hope on the Fairway- July 31
The KMA Hope on the Fairway Golf Tournament is an annual fundraiser providing critical early momentum for the 2026 Walk goals. Open to golfers of all skill levels, it’s a great day on the greens for a meaningful cause. Click here to sign up your team!
Energy Industry Jargon: A Beginner’s Guide
Source: World KinectThe energy industry is going through a period of rapid change. Markets are deregulating, new technologies like battery storage and distributed energy resources are scaling, and sustainability expectations are increasing. With this transformation has come a surge of acronyms and technical terms in contracts, tariffs, and sustainability reports that can feel overwhelming if you are new to the industry. Yet these terms directly affect how much you pay for energy and how you manage risk.
Why energy jargon matters
Energy literacy is becoming a practical business skill, not just a technical one. When decision- makers understand the language of tariffs, capacity tags, renewable energy certificates, and carbon markets, they are better equipped to evaluate proposals, assess risks, and align procurement with broader business objectives.
Misunderstanding the difference between demand and energy charges, for example, can lead to unexpected costs. Confusing a fixed price with an index-based contract can expose your business to price volatility you thought you had avoided.
This guide is designed to make that process easier. It organizes common terminology into five core categories and explains each term in clear, plain language. As you become familiar with the industry, use this glossary as a reference to navigate jargon and make more informed decisions.
Commonly confused terms
Many energy and sustainability terms sound similar but have very different implications for cost, risk, and reporting. The pairs below are some of the most commonly confused, and getting them right can make conversations with suppliers and internal stakeholders much more straightforward.
- kW vs kWh: power vs energy
- kW (kilowatt) measures power – how much electricity is being used or produced at a specific moment. It reflects the “size” or capacity of equipment, such as a 500 kW solar system or a 1,000 kW (1 MW) generator.
- kWh (kilowatt-hour) measures energy over time – how much electricity has been used or produced over an hour, day, or month. This is typically how your consumption appears on an electricity bill.
Why it matters:
kW is closely linked to demand charges and system sizing; kWh is tied to usage charges and total consumption. Mistaking one for the other can lead to incorrect expectations about project output, savings estimates, and tariff impacts. - Demand charge vs energy charge: paying for peaks vs volume
- Demand charges are based on your highest kW draw (peak power) during a billing period. They reflect the cost of being ready to serve your maximum load.
- Energy charges are based on the total kWh consumed over the period. They reflect the cost of the energy you actually use.
Why it matters:
Reducing kWh alone may not significantly lower your bill if your peak demand stays high. Understanding this distinction is essential for designing effective load management, shifting processes, or using on-site generation and storage to reduce peaks. - Fixed price vs index (and block & index): price certainty vs market exposure
- A fixed price contract sets a single, agreed price for each kWh over the contract term. It offers budget certainty, but you may miss out on potential market dips.
- An index contract ties your price to a market benchmark, so your cost moves with wholesale prices. This can provide savings when markets fall, but exposes you to volatility when prices rise.
- A block & index structure combines the two: you fix a portion of your expected load (the “block”) and leave the rest on index. This offers a partial hedge, balancing certainty and flexibility.
Why it matters:
Misunderstanding these structures can lead to unexpected cost swings or missed risk management opportunities. It is important to be clear on how much of your load is fixed, how much is floating, and how that aligns with your risk tolerance and budget objectives. - Net-zero vs carbon neutral
- Net-zero typically refers to emissions reductions across scopes, with any remaining emissions balanced by high-quality removals. It focuses on transforming operations and supply chains over time.
- Carbon neutral usually means that some or all emissions are balanced with offsets, without specifying the level of internal reduction required beforehand.
Why it matters:
These terms are often used interchangeably, but they signal different levels of ambition and action. Being precise helps manage expectations with investors, customers, and employees, and supports credible long-term climate strategies. - RECs/EACs vs carbon offsets
- RECs (Renewable Energy Certificates) and EACs (Energy Attribute Certificates) represent the environmental attributes of renewable electricity generation. Purchasing and retiring them allows organizations to claim consumption of renewable electricity, primarily affecting Scope 2 accounting.
- Carbon offsets represent emissions reductions or removals achieved by specific projects (such as reforestation or methane capture) that are used to compensate for emissions elsewhere, often in Scope 1 or Scope 3.
Why it matters:
Both instruments support climate goals, but they address different parts of your footprint and are accounted for differently. Using the right tool for the right scope is important for accurate reporting and credible sustainability claims. - PPA vs VPPA (virtual PPA)
- A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) is typically a physical contract for electricity: you agree to buy power from a specific renewable project, often with delivery tied to a grid location relevant to your operations.
- A Virtual PPA (VPPA) is a financial contract rather than a physical supply arrangement. You continue to buy your electricity from your usual supplier, while the VPPA settles the difference between a fixed price and a market price, and you usually receive the associated RECs or EACs.
Why it matters:
Both structures can help bring new renewable projects online and support your decarbonization strategy, but they differ in how they affect energy sourcing, price risk, accounting treatment, and operational complexity. Being clear about whether a proposal is a PPA or VPPA helps you align it with your risk policies and internal approval processes.
Key energy terms you should know
To navigate the energy market effectively, it’s helpful to understand some key terms:
- Deregulation refers to the process of allowing competition in energy markets, giving businesses the option to choose their suppliers.
- Kilowatt-hour (kWh) measures electricity consumption and is commonly used in billing.
- British Thermal Unit (BTU) is a measure of heat energy used for natural gas pricing.
- Tariff is the rate structure set by suppliers and utilities for energy service.
Core categories of energy jargon
Energy management jargon
kW (Kilowatt)/ MW (Megawatt) (if using only one unit of measurement, then use kW)
Measures the rate at which electricity is being used or produced at a specific moment.
- kW = kilowatt = 1,000 watts
- MW = megawatt = 1,000 kW (or 1 million watts)
kWh (Kilowatt-hour)/ MWh (Megawatt-hour) (if using only one unit of measurement, then use kWh)
Measures the amount of electricity used or produced over time.
- kWh = using 1 kW for 1 hour
- MWh = 1,000 kWh
BTU (British Thermal Unit)
A small unit of heat energy, used in natural gas and heating. It’s the amount of energy needed to slightly raise the temperature of water.
Therm
A billing unit for natural gas, equal to 100,000 BTU. Many gas utilities bill consumption in therms.
Dth (Dekatherm)
Another common gas billing unit, equal to 10 therms, or 1,000,000 BTU. Some markets use therms, others use dekatherms; they’re just different ways of counting the same underlying heat energy.
Standard Cubic Foot (SCF)/Ccf/Mcf
These measure the volume of natural gas, not its energy content, although the two are related.
- SCF (Standard Cubic Foot)
One cubic foot of gas measured under standard conditions of temperature and pressure (a “normal” reference point). - Ccf
Stands for “hundred cubic feet” (the first “C” is “centum,” Latin for 100).
1 Ccf = 100 cubic feet of gas. - Mcf
Stands for “thousand cubic feet” (the “M” comes from the Roman numeral for 1,000).
1 Mcf = 1,000 cubic feet of gas.
Demand
The requirement for energy as an input to provide products and/or services.
Power
The rate of producing, transferring, or using energy, most commonly associated with electricity.
Power is measured in watts and often expressed in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts (MW).
Energy Consumption/Load
The use of energy as a source of heat or power or as a raw material input to a manufacturing process.
Demand Charge
That portion of the consumer's bill for electric service based on the consumer's maximum electric capacity usage and calculated based on the billing demand charges under the applicable rate schedule.
Energy Charge
The portion of the charge for electric service based upon the electric energy (kWh) consumed or billed.
Capacity
The maximum amount of electrical power that a system or facility can produce or deliver at a given time, often used to determine charges based on peak usage demand.
Peak Load Contribution (PLC) /Capacity Tag
A measure of an electricity customer’s specific demand (measured in kilowatts, kW) during the highest demand hours (peak hours) on the electrical grid.
Transmission
One core stage of the electrical grid that delivers electricity from power plants to consumers.
Transmission moves high-voltage electricity from power plants to substations.
Network Service Peak Load (NSPL) /Transmission Tag
A demand-based value assigned to a customer's electricity meter that determines their share of the costs for using a high-voltage transmission grid. The NSPL is typically calculated based on a customer's demand during the highest peak hours of the transmission owner's zone, which can occur during both summer and winter seasons.
Losses / Distribution Network Losses
The difference between the electrical energy entering the distribution network and that exiting the network.
Ancillaries / Ancillary Services
Services that ensure reliability and support the transmission of electricity from generation sites to customer loads. Such services may include load regulation, spinning reserve, non-spinning reserve, replacement reserve, and voltage support.
Coincidental Peak Demand / Load
The sum of two or more peak loads that occur in the same time interval.
On/Off Peak Demand
On-peak and off-peak demand refer to the fluctuation in electricity usage throughout the day, which utility companies use to structure rates, encourage efficiency, and manage strain on the electrical grid. These periods are characterized by when electricity demand is at its highest (on-peak) or lowest (off-peak).
Peak Load
The highest electrical demand within a particular period of time.
Load profile (or usage profile)
A graph or data set illustrating the variation in electricity consumption (measured in kW or kWh) over a specific time, such as a day, week, or season.
Load Factor
The ratio of the average load to peak load during a specified time interval.
Curtailment
The temporary, intentional reduction of power production (generation curtailment) or power consumption (load curtailment) when there is too much electricity in the grid (generation curtailment) or when there is not enough power in the grid (load curtailment). It acts as a necessary safety valve to balance supply and demand and prevent blackouts.
Peak Load Management
The process of reducing energy consumption during periods of peak system load. This can lower costs, enhance grid reliability, and reduce emissions.
Demand response
The actions a business takes when enrolled in an incentive-based program that encourages electric power customers to temporarily reduce their demand for power at certain times in exchange for lower electricity bills.
Energy Efficiency
A ratio of service provided to energy input. Unlike conservation, which involves some reduction of service, energy efficiency provides energy reductions without sacrifice of service. May also refer to the use of technology to reduce the energy needed for a given purpose or service.
Sustainability jargon
Net-Zero
Refers to balancing the amount of greenhouse gases produced with the amount removed from the atmosphere, aiming for a net result of zero emissions.
Carbon Neutral
What a company or organization achieves when the amount of CO2 they have emitted into the atmosphere has been removed or mitigated through carbon offset projects or technologies that capture and store carbon.
Carbon Credits
A way to offset carbon emissions by assigning a monetary value to the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) or its equivalent in other greenhouse gasses that businesses or organizations emit.
Carbon Offsets
Tradable certificates linked to renewable energy, reforestation, agriculture, and community projects which reduce or remove CO2 emissions. A single certificate is equivalent to a reduction of one metric ton of carbon dioxide emissions. By purchasing a carbon offset, an organization is paying for a reduction in emissions equivalent to the amount it is attempting to offset. The funds raised through carbon offsets is channeled to sustainability projects around the world.
Decarbonization
Refers to lowering the amount of CO2 created from human activity and released into the atmosphere.
Scope 1 Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by an organization. Examples include: vehicles, equipment, or facilities that use fuel or natural gas.
Scope 2 Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions from the generation of electricity, heat, or steam, purchased by an organization from generation equipment not owned by the organization. Examples include: purchased electricity, purchased heating/cooling, and purchased steam.
Scope 3 Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions caused indirectly by an organization’s supply chain and vendors related to the organization’s activities. Examples include: transmission and distribution, business travel, supply chain, employee commuting, and contracted solid waste or wastewater.
Renewable Energy Certificate (REC)
A market-based instrument that represents the property rights to the environmental, social, and other non-power attributes of renewable electricity generation. RECs are issued when one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity is generated and delivered to the electricity grid from a renewable energy resource.
Energy Attribute Certificates (EAC)
Internationally recognized certificates that prove that electricity has been generated from solar, wind, or another renewable source. They can help businesses reduce Scope 2 emissions and meet sustainability goals.
PPA (Power Purchase Agreement)
A long-term contract (typically 10-15 years) through which a corporate buyer agrees to purchase electricity and Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs) physically or virtually from a renewable energy generator.
Virtual PPA (VPPA)
A financial arrangement between a renewable energy generator and a corporate buyer to obtain renewable electricity, along with associated Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs).
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance)
Refers to a set of standards used to measure an organization’s environmental and social impact. A framework used to measure a company's sustainability, ethical impact, and operational risk beyond financial performance. It examines three key pillars: Environmental (stewardship of nature), Social (relationship management with employees, customers, etc.), and Governance (leadership and operations).
Sustainability Reporting
The public disclosure of a company's environmental efforts specifically focusing on decarbonization, carbon emissions (Scopes 1, 2, and 3), resource management, and energy transition strategies.
Compliance Market
A mandatory, government-regulated system (often cap-and-trade) that forces high-emission entities—such as power plants and heavy industries—to pay for their greenhouse gas emissions. These markets set a cap on emissions with stiff penalties for non-compliance.
Voluntary Market
Refers to companies and organizations that choose to offset emissions voluntarily, usually because they are motivated by corporate social responsibility and sustainability goals.
Environmental Attributes
Refers to the characteristics or features of a product, service, or process that have an impact on the environment. They typically include any and all credits, benefits, emissions reductions, offsets, and allowances associated with the generation or production of power or fuel. They are often certified through mechanisms like Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs).
Market jargon
Letter of Authorization (LOA)
A legally binding document between a business and an energy broker that grants permission to access data and act on behalf of the client (non-exclusive). Many suppliers require an LOA before they will release their prices to a broker.
Letter of Exclusivity (LOE)
A legally binding document between a business and an energy broker, consultant, or supplier, granting that specific party the sole (exclusive) right to negotiate or manage the business's energy procurement for a defined period.
Electric Distribution Company (EDC)
The company that owns the power lines and equipment necessary to deliver purchased electricity to the customer. They ensure services are reliable and monitor customer usage via metering systems.
Local Distribution Company (LDC)
Similar to EDC, LDC is the utility company that manages the infrastructure for transporting
energy to a specific geography. However, it is commonly used for natural gas delivery.
Utility Company
A regulated entity responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing energy (typically electricity or natural gas) to the public.
Change in Law
Refers to any amendment, repeal, or adoption of new statutes, regulations, or tax policies by government authorities—at local, state, or federal levels—that substantially alters the economic, regulatory, or legal landscape under which energy companies operate.
Early Termination Fee (ETF)
A financial penalty charged to customers for canceling a fixed-rate, long-term electricity or gas contract before its scheduled expiration.
Slamming
Refers to the illegal, unauthorized, and fraudulent practice of switching a business’s energy supplier (electricity or natural gas) without their informed consent or permission. Typically occurs in deregulated markets via cold calling/phishing or mail scams.
Hedging
The buying and selling of futures contracts so as to protect energy traders from unexpected or adverse price fluctuations.
Forward Curve
A forward curve is a graphical representation showing the market-quoted prices for commodities for delivery at specific future dates. It reflects market expectations of future prices and is constructed using data from futures contracts, swaps, or other derivatives.
Locational Marginal Price (LMP)
The price for electricity that reflects the incremental cost to increase electricity generation to satisfy electricity demand at a specific location—node, load zone, reliability region, or hub. LMPs may have multiple components, such as charges for energy, congestion, transmission system losses, and carbon charges. Both day-ahead and real-time LMPs exist. Real-time LMPs can be set for hourly or sub-hourly blocks. Regional transmission organizations and independent system operators use LMPs to help establish price signals to meet electricity demand.
Day-Ahead Market
Forward markets where electricity quantities and market clearing prices are calculated individually for each hour of the day on the basis of participant bids for energy sales and purchases.
Real-Time Market
An electricity market that determines the price for one-hour periods or less during the day of delivery.
Daily Gas Market
Also known as spot market, a market in which natural gas is bought and sold for immediate or very near-term delivery, usually for a period of 30 days or less. The transaction does not imply a continuing arrangement between the buyer and the seller.
Henry Hub
A pipeline hub on the Louisiana Gulf coast. It is the delivery point for the natural gas futures contract on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX).
New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX)
One of the world’s largest commodity futures exchanges, facilitating trading in a wide range of commodities, including energy products, precious metals, and agricultural commodities.
Basis
The differential between a spot or “cash” price and the nearest equivalent futures price. Basis is normally quoted as cash minus futures price. A positive number indicates a futures discount; a negative number indicates a futures premium.
Contract Swing
A contract for the purchase of oil, natural gas, or electricity that includes an option to adjust the volume of energy purchased and the price paid within predetermined limits. Also known as “take-and-pay options” or “variable base-load factor contracts,” the contract outlines the least and most energy an option holder can buy (or "take") per day and per month, how much that energy will cost (known as its strike price), and how many times during the month the option holder can change or "swing" the daily quantity of energy purchased.
Burner Tip Pricing
Burner Tip is the final destination where natural gas will be used. A burner tip rate includes an additional, built-in charge to compensate for lost and unaccounted-for gas (LUAF).
City Gate Pricing
City Gate is the physical point where natural gas is delivered to a local utility. City Gate pricing will include a fee to compensate for lost and unaccounted-for gas (LUAF) that happens as it travels through the pipeline.
Nomination
A formal request or schedule that a shipper submits to a pipeline, storage facility, or terminal operator, detailing the volume of product (gas, oil, or electricity) to be transported, stored, or delivered over a given period.
Balancing
Refers to the real-time process Transmission System Operators use to match electricity supply (generation) with demand (consumption) to maintain grid stability and a constant frequency.
Firm Service
Also known as uninterruptible service, it refers to a guaranteed electricity transmission, natural gas pipeline capacity, or fuel supply. It ensures delivery under almost all conditions and is often reserved for high-end users.
Interruptible Service
A contract arrangement where commercial or industrial customers agree to have their electricity or natural gas supply reduced or cut off by the utility during peak demand or supply shortage in exchange for lower, discounted rates.
Fixed Price
The price paid per kilowatt-hour (kWh) stays the same throughout the contract even if market prices increase or decrease.
Index Price
A method of determining the cost of energy based on a specific market index. It typically involves adding supplier charges to the current market index value. Unlike fixed-rate contracts, index pricing allows for real-time adjustments based on market changes.
Block and Index Price
A hybrid energy procurement strategy in which a set portion of energy load is purchased at a fixed price (block), while the remainder fluctuates with the market (index).
Load Following Block and Index Price
A hybrid energy procurement strategy in which a set portion of energy load is purchased at a fixed price and the supplier offers the ability to place hedges based on percentages of expected load (e.g. 25% of January’s load, rather than a 1.5MW block).
Delivery/Distribution Charges
The fees charged by local utility companies (often referred to as Transmission and Distribution Service Providers or TDSPs/TDUs) to transport electricity or natural gas from transmission networks to a home or business. Unlike supply charges, which fluctuate based on the cost of generating power, delivery charges primarily cover the costs of operating and maintaining the physical infrastructure of the power grid.
Energy Charges
A portion of your total charge for electricity service; the total number of kilowatt-hours consumed within the billing cycle times the price you pay per kWh.
Supply Charges
The price of electricity or natural gas offered by a supplier.
Generation Charges
The charge for producing electricity. If you purchase electricity from a supplier, your generation charge will depend on the contract between you and your supplier.
Billed Demand
The peak rate of electricity usage during a specific interval, typically 15–60 minutes, within a billing cycle.
Dual Billing
A method of billing in which one bill is sent by the supplier for the generation of energy, and a separate bill is sent by the EDC for distribution and other charges.
Utility Consolidated Billing (UCB)
In a market with Utility Consolidated Billing (UCB), the utility offers an option to retail suppliers in which it provides, for a fee, a single bill to the customer that includes both the utility’s delivery charges and the retail supplier’s supply charges.
Summary Billing
A service that consolidates multiple, separate utility accounts or service locations into a single monthly invoice with one total amount due and one due date.
Balancing Charges
Financial penalties or costs incurred when the actual amount of electricity produced or consumed by a generator or supplier deviates from their scheduled or forecasted amount.
Infrastructure & Technology jargon
Power Grid / Electric Power Grid
A system of synchronized power providers and consumers connected by transmission and distribution lines and operated by one or more control centers. In the continental United States, the electric power grid consists of three systems the Eastern Interconnect, the Western Interconnect, and the Texas Interconnect. In Alaska and Hawaii, several systems encompass areas smaller than the State (e.g., the interconnect serving Anchorage, Fairbanks, and the Kenai Peninsula; individual islands).
Smart Meter
A type of electricity meter that has continuously available, remote, two-way communication and information storage capability. Smart meters record and store electrical usage in 15-minute intervals and communicate that usage back to the local wires company. Unlike traditional electric meters that only measure total consumption, smart meters show when the energy was consumed.
AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure)
A system enabling two-way communication between meters and utilities. The system collects, stores, analyses, and presents energy usage data, providing utility companies the ability to monitor electricity, gas, and water usage in real time.
Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
Small-scale, decentralized electricity generation and storage technologies—such as rooftop solar, batteries, and electric vehicles—that work by first delivering energy directly to a facility or community, and then contributing excess energy into the main power grid. They can operate parallel to the utility grid or as stand-alone, off-grid systems.
Microgrid
A localized, small-scale power grid containing distributed energy resources (like solar, storage, or generators) and loads that can operate either connected to the main utility grid or independently. Often used with battery energy storage systems (BESS).
Battery Storage/ Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)
Devices that enable energy from renewables, like solar and wind, to be stored and then released when the power is needed most, usually during peak demand times.
Regulation jargon
Customer Choice Program
A program available in deregulated markets that allows businesses to select their electricity or natural gas supplier instead of buying directly from the local utility.
Competitive Energy Supplier/ Third Party Supplier/ Retail Energy Provider (REP)
A company operating in deregulated energy markets that purchases electricity or natural gas on the wholesale market and sells it directly to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers.
Retail Choice
Refers to the ability of consumers to select their electricity suppliers in a competitive market, rather than being limited to a default service provided by a utility.
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)
An independent agency that regulates the interstate transmission of natural gas, oil, and electricity. FERC also regulates natural gas and hydropower projects.
North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC)
A not-for-profit, international regulatory authority dedicated to effectively and efficiently reducing risks to the reliability and security of the bulk power system.
Public Utilities Commission / Public Service Commission (PUC / PSC)
A state-level government agency that regulates investor-owned utilities (electricity, natural gas, water, and telecom) to ensure safe, reliable service at reasonable prices.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
A federal agency dedicated to protecting human health and the environment.
Independent System Operator / Regional Transmission Organization (ISO/RTO)
An entity that manages the flow of electricity across large regions. They balance supply and demand in real time and ensure grid reliability.
Broker/Energy Broker
Acts as an intermediary between consumers and energy suppliers; they work to find the best rates for their commercial and industrial customers.
Utility Tariff
A published and legally binding document that lists rate schedules and general terms and conditions under which a utility company provides electricity or natural gas to customers.
Utility
A regulated entity responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing energy (typically electricity or natural gas) to the public.
Further learning
If you want to explore energy markets, technologies, and policy in more depth, these organizations provide accessible data, analysis, and guidance:
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) – Independent statistics, forecasts, and explanatory materials on U.S. and international energy.
International Energy Agency (IEA) – Global outlooks, policy analysis, and technology roadmaps across all fuels and regions.
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) – Global insights, datasets, and tools focused on renewable energy and the energy transition.
Conclusion
Energy will remain a significant and often volatile cost for most organizations. As markets evolve and sustainability expectations grow, the ability to understand energy terminology becomes a source of advantage. When you can distinguish between different contract structures, recognize what drives your capacity and transmission costs, and confidently interpret carbon and renewable energy terms, you are better positioned to control risk, support your sustainability goals, and communicate clearly with internal and external stakeholders. This glossary is not meant to turn readers into experts. Instead, it provides a practical foundation you can refer to as you navigate the energy industry. If your organization wants to go a step further, the next move is to apply this knowledge to your own portfolio, examining how your current tariff structure, procurement approach, and sustainability commitments interact. Partnering with experienced energy advisors can help translate jargon into strategy, turning complex terms into concrete actions that support cost control, resilience, and long-term sustainability goals.
How World Kinect can help
A good understanding of the U.S. energy market is key to making informed decisions that benefit your bottom line. Whether you're looking to cut costs, improve sustainability, or simply navigate the complexities of the energy landscape, World Kinect is here to help.
The Columbia-Montour Chamber of Commerce offers its members access to World Kinect as a solution for energy management & supply insights. For more information about World Kinect, visit their website at World Kinect Corporation or contact an energy expert.
Building a One-Page Benefit Piece Employees Will Actually Read
Employee benefits are only valuable if employees understand them. Yet many organizations rely on long, tedious guides, dense PDFs, or put the information on portals employees rarely open. A well-designed benefits one pager solves this problem by reducing what matters most into a clear, visual, and actionable summary.
The goal of a one-pager is not to explain everything…it’s to spark understanding and engagement. Business leaders can start by answering three questions employees care about most: What do I get? Why does it matter to me? How do I use it? If the one pager doesn’t clearly answer those questions, it’s not doing the job.
Effective one-pagers focus on prioritization, not completeness. Highlight 5-7 core benefits that drive the most value, such as health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and key voluntary benefits. Use plain language, not insurance jargon. For example, “help paying medical bills” is more effective than “high-deductible health plan.”
Design matters just as much as content. Using icons, short headings, and white space helps to guide the eye. Break information into sections like Health, Well-Being, Financial, and Extras. Keep sentences short and scannable. If it takes more than 60 seconds to read, it’s too long.
Finally, include a clear call to action. Tell employees exactly where to go next…a benefits portal, HR contact, or enrollment deadline. A QR code or short link works well.
A strong benefits one-pager becomes a versatile tool: it can support onboarding, open enrollment, recruiting, and leadership communication. Most importantly, it respects employees’ time, and that alone increases the likelihood they’ll actually use the benefits being offered.
The Columbia-Montour Chamber of Commerce offers its members access to My Benefit Advisor as a solution for employee benefits, including voluntary offerings. For more information about My Benefit Advisor, visit our website at cmcc.mybenefitadvisor.com or contact Rob Higginbotham at (800) 377-3539.
Look Forward to Find the Value of Your Business
Business valuation is a forward-looking exercise; this is a basic premise of the valuation process for any ownership interest. The income approach to valuation fully embraces this belief because the income approach determines the value of an ownership interest by looking at the future benefits that flow to ownership and discounting those benefits to present value. The discount rate used to determine the present value should recognize the risks associated with their receipt.
The Value of Ownership Interest
The value of an ownership interest in a company should be thought of as an investment, that is, a commitment of dollars today in exchange for future payments which compensate the investor for the time the funds are invested and provide a return on the investment. Not only do the benefits to be received need to be based on future expectations, the investor’s required rate of return (or cost of capital) should also reflect future expectations. Investors will not pay for past performance. One needs to look no further than the public companies that operate in high-growth markets, such as artificial intelligence or software, that trade at triple-digit trailing price/earnings multiples. Pricing in this market reflects forward-looking expectations, not historical pricing.
Pierce v. Commissioner
Pierce v. Commissioner T.C. Memo. 2025-29 (Pierce) is a case which includes the rise of a business making knock off products, marital infidelity, and blackmail, but is generally known for the Tax Court affirming tax-effecting pass-through entities. The case also focuses on the forward-looking nature of the benefits of ownership and addresses the determination of the discount rate used in the valuation of the company. The case involves gifts of stock made by the owners to trusts. The gift tax returns were selected for audit, and a 30-day letter was issued by the IRS noting a deficiency and proposed adjustments to tax. The case went to court to determine the value of the interests for federal gift tax purposes. The tax court stated:
In valuing stock of a closely held corporation, we first consider actual sales of the stock at arm’s length in the normal course of business at or around the time of valuation. In the absence of actual sales of the company’s stock, courts typically consider one or more of three approaches to determine the stock’s fair market value: (1) the market approach, (2) the income approach, and (3) the asset-based approach… The income approach capitalizes income and discounts cashflow to determine the value of stock. This method is premised on the assumption that the value of the company should be determined based on the basis of the present value of the future distributed earnings.
The court reaffirmed the forward-looking premise and use of the income approach, referencing the Estate of True v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2001-167 in support of its opinion. In Pierce the court went on to further state:
Thus, to determine the value of the business, we must determine (1) the projected future cashflows for a discrete period, (2) the discount rate that will be applied to these future distributions to determine the present value, (3) the terminal value of the company, and (4) the non-operating assets.
Case Findings
The court’s opinion discussed factors to consider in the projected future cash flows of the company (including tax affecting pass-through entity earnings) and the inclusion of factors only known and knowable at the date of valuation. The court’s opinion also discussed the development of the discount rate used in the discounted cash flow analysis. There were two primary experts involved in this case which arrived at different discount rates. Looking more closely at the discount rates, the experts were close on how the equity risk premium (ERP) should be determined. The ERP is a component of the discount rate and is the premium that investors must receive to entice them to invest in the public market instead of risk-free long-term government securities. The court stated that the ERP includes a market risk premium and a size premium.
An additional company-specific risk (CSR) premium can be added to account for risks unique to the company and its cash flow. The two experts were within 1% of each other in their development of the ERP but differed in their treatment of the CSR premium; one added a 5% premium, and the other did not add a CSR premium. The court expected an analysis showing that the CSR premium accounted for risks specific to the company that were not accounted for in the ERP. The explanation at trial was not satisfactory to the court and it rejected the CSR premium.
Case Relevance for Business Valuation
In the ruling, the court confirmed two important points. First, business valuation, like any investment, is forward-looking in nature. Investors will not pay for past performance and are concerned with future performance. Using an income approach, the value of a business is derived from forward-looking cash flow. The second point is that the required rate of return of an investment and the discount rate used in the valuation of a company need to account for the specific risks associated with receiving the benefits (cash flows). Both points should be considered in a business valuation.
Should you have any questions concerning this article or the value of your business or of Business Valuation services in general, please contact T. Eric Blocher CPA, ASA, CVA.
S&K Corporate Benefits – New Member Highlight
S&K Corporate Benefits, featured at www.skcorpbenefits.com, is a company focused on helping organizations navigate the complex world of employee benefits and workplace insurance solutions. By working with businesses to evaluate benefit options and develop strategies that support both employers and employees, S&K Corporate Benefits aims to simplify benefits management while helping clients make informed decisions. In an environment where attracting and retaining talent is increasingly important, firms like S&K Corporate Benefits play a valuable role by providing guidance, personalized service, and expertise designed to align benefit programs with organizational goals and workforce needs.
Member News ~ June 25, 2026
Celebrate July 4th in Columbia Montour!
Tips to Celebrate Safely This Fourth of July from SERVEPRO
For Businesses - Before closing for the weekend
- Check alarm systems
- Turn off unnecessary electrical equipment
- Secure outdoor furniture and grills
- Verify emergency contacts are current
Firework Safety
✔ Attend a professional fireworks show whenever possible.
If you're lighting fireworks at home be sure to
- Keep a bucket of water or hose nearby.
- Never relight a "dud" firework.
- Keep children and pets a safe distance away.
- Dispose of fireworks only after they've completely cooled.
Sparkler Safety with Gesinger
Click here for a helpful guide from Geisinger, sharing sparkler safety education for children and families!
The Columbia Montour Visitor's Bureau 4th of July Guide
Not sure what your weekend plans are? Check out the CMVB events calendar for a full rundown of this weekend's special events. Celebrate the 4th of July and America250 in Columbia- Montour!
Sip' N' Stuff America 250 Painting & Live Music - July 2 - 5th
Join Sip' N' Stuff for a weekend of patriotic painting. Check out their website to register for classes.
First Friday in Downtown Bloomsburg- July 3
Knoebels 100th Anniversary Weekend- July 3 - 5th
Join Knoebels on Friday for a 4pm parade, followed by a founder's statue dedication. The weekend with continue with a 100th Anniversary Ceremony on July 4th at 10:00am, and conclude on July 5th with a Time Capsule, Ribbon Cutting, and Golf Tournament! Don't miss any details for their big weekend!
Light Up Bloomsburg- July 3
Stay downtown a little later and join DBI for the official lighting of the fountain with ITS NEW LIGHTS!!!! They are gathering around the fountain at dusk and the lighting will be at 9pm.
Celebrate the 4th at the Danville Growers’ Market - July 4
Berwick Borough July 4th Festivities- July 4
Nifty 250 Celebration at The Bloomsburg Fairgrounds - July 4
The Bloomsburg Fair is hosting Nifty 250 Celebration on July 4th. This event will be held 3pm-10pm at the Bloomsburg Fairgrounds. There will be live music, food vendors, craft vendors and more entertainment. The event is free admission and free parking. Click Here To View the Flyer
Knoebels 100th Anniversary Charity Golf Tournament - July 5
Grab your clubs and join Knoebels on Sunday, July 5 for their 100th Anniversary Charity Golf Tournament benefiting Knoebels Kares. Whether you're coming solo or bringing your crew, it's a great day of golf for a great cause. The deadline to sign up online is Friday, June 26. More Information.
Wellness Wednesdays continue in downtown Danville - July 15
Free programs designed to promote health, relaxation, and movement for community members of all ages and abilities. Hosted in Canal Park, Wellness Wednesdays are generously sponsored by Geisinger and funded through a grant partnership with the Community Giving Foundation. July 15 | 6:00 PM - Simple Strength Training with Resurrection Movement Studio.
Benton’s 41st Annual Frontier Days Rodeo - July 14 through 19
The Benton Rodeo is proud to be recognized as one of the very best among more than 65 rodeos east of the Mississippi River. Tickets are available online. Grounds open at 4pm, Vendors and food stands open between 4:30 and 5pm. Thursday, Friday, and Saturday 7:30pm Championship Rodeo | Sunday Bull-A-Rama 7:30 pm
Berwick World War II Weekend Reenactment - July 17 through 19
The 2026 Berwick World War II Weekend Reenactment will take place at Riverfront Park (aka "The Test Track") at the end of South Eaton Street in Berwick, PA Friday July 17th through Sunday July 19th. Click here for more information
Rabbittransit introducing rabbitPAY - July 21
Rabbittransit is excited to announce a major upgrade, the launch of rabbitPAY, going live July 21, 2026. rabbitPAY introduces a smart card and mobile based payment system, making boarding faster, more convenient and more flexible than ever before. Riders can simply tap and go when boarding the bus. rabbitPAY will offer multiple smart card reloading options thru the app, online, at a machine or in person. In preparation for the launch, rabbittransit will offer community events to help riders sign up and answer questions. For more information visit www.rabbittransit.org.
KMA Hope on the Fairway- July 31
The KMA Hope on the Fairway Golf Tournament is an annual fundraiser providing critical early momentum for the 2026 Walk goals. Open to golfers of all skill levels, it’s a great day on the greens for a meaningful cause. Click here to sign up your team!
The Bloomsburg Children’s Museum announces July events
The Bloomsburg Children’s Museum’s July event calendar is out now! The Children’s Museum is hosting a variety of summer camps in July that will focus on science, art, manufacturing and other topics. They will also be hosting youth programs that include cooking, painting and storytelling. These events will be open to a variety of ages. For more information, how to register and the full list of events visit the-childrens-museum.org.
The Central Columbia FFA Chapter of Bloomsburg, PA attended the 97th Pennsylvania FFA State Convention in State College
On June 11th, members participated in various career and leadership development events, workshops, and recognition activities alongside thousands of students statewide. The chapter was represented by several members and advisors Doug Brown and Kristie Good, with Katelyn Fedder earning First Place and becoming State Champion in the Horse Evaluation event, demonstrating strong skills in horse knowledge, judging, and oral reasoning. The convention provided valuable opportunities for students to build technical, leadership, and teamwork skills while engaging with peers, highlighting FFA’s mission to promote personal growth, leadership, and career readiness through agricultural education, with support from sponsors like the Pennsylvania FFA Foundation and Department of Agriculture.